In the famous story of the healing of the paralytic in Luke 5:17-26, a group of men cut a hole through the roof to lower a paralytic in to see Jesus. “Seeing their faith,” Jesus says “saying the paralytic’s sins are forgiven, Jesus is accused of blaspheming—for only God can forgive sins. In response, he asks, “Which is easier, to say, ‘Your sins are forgiven,’ or to say ‘Rise and walk’?” He then proves his point that “the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins” by telling the paralytic to pick up his stretcher and go home—which the former-paralytic promptly does.
This story in Luke 5 illuminates two related aspects of the Church: its ability to effectively intercede for us for God’s forgiveness, and the efficacy of those intercessions even despite its imperfections.
This message of intercession is revealed after carefully probing of Jesus’ words in verse 20. He says, “When he saw their faith” Jesus says “your sins are forgiven.” (5:20) Because in English, “your” is can be either singular and plural, the text is unclear to whom Jesus refers to—the paralytic, his friends, or all of them. Fortunately, Spanish is more precise in this matter, and the text reads ,“Al ver su fe, Jesús le dijo: 'Hombre, tus pecados te son perdonados.'” (Luca 5:20) First, Jesus refers specifically to “Hombre” (man) singular, not “hombres” (men) plural. Second, Jesus says “Tus pecados—” and “tus” is used to address a single person, not a group.
So why does this rather mundane linguistic analysis matter? It matters because it means that after seeing “their faith—” the faith of the men who brought the paralytic, Jesus forgives the sin of someone totally different. Not only is this intercessory prayer at its finest, but it opens the door both for the forgiveness through intercessory prayer—even for those who do not have the wherewithal to ask for forgiveness for themselves. Perhaps the application to those who willingly reject God’s proffered grace is arguable, but this result is really extremely important if we care about those who may not have the mental capacity to ask God for forgiveness, such as young children or the mentally disabled.
The second interesting point is that in response to faith, Jesus’ first act wasn’t to simply fix the worldly problems of the paralytic, but to forgive the paralytic’s sins. In fact, it seems Jesus only reluctantly healed the paralytic with the goal of proving that he could forgive sins. At the time, the Jews believe that physical disability and illness was God’s punishment for one’s own sin or the sins of one’s parents. To the Jews, then, causing the paralytic to walk was not merely sending an unrelated message that would basically amount to, “See, see? I am powerful. Now do you believe what I say?” But, rather, in keying into the directly related message forgiveness of sins, it was an unmistakable and irrefutable sign of Jesus’ authority over sin to the Jews of the time.
In his actions, Jesus demonstrates that what is important—grace and salvation—are often not accompanied by visible signs. Indeed, the fact that he only did so in the face of doubt perhaps indicates they shouldn’t be. Yet, don’t we constantly demand signs of our Church? We might not demanded the same miracles the Jews did 2000 years ago, but when we see a priest, Bishop, Cardinal, or Pope, not visibly demonstrating our vision of godliness, we presume God is not present, and the legitimacy of the Church is destroyed. Just as the Jews did 2000 years ago, we demand our own “modern” sign of God’s presence, and when it isn’t forthcoming, we echo the scribes and the Pharisees and say, “Who is this who speaks blasphemies?” (5:21).
Of course, God understands that we are just as human as those who doubted him 2000 years ago, so God sends us the sign of a (soon to be) saint like Mother Theresa every once in a while to remind us that His Church is indeed graced with His presence. But, just as Jesus’ original forgiveness of the paralytic was not dependent on the accompanying physical sign, neither is the grace God dispenses through the Church, nor our faith dependent on our believing in the holiness of any individual member of the clergy. This is why we pray every Sunday before the Eucharist, “Look not on our sins, but on the faith of your Church.” Just as the faith of the paralytics friends cleansed the sins of the paralytic, the faith of our Church cleanses ours—no matter if the signs we are hoping to see aren’t there every time.
Showing posts with label Lent. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Lent. Show all posts
Monday, February 18, 2013
Saturday, February 16, 2013
Lent Day 4: Outsiders in Luke 4
Luke 4 contains a curious passage:
In any case, this isn’t what makes the passage so interesting I feel the need to blockquote it at length. No, it’s interesting because it’s our first example of Christ—of God—interpreting Scripture we see in Luke. It’s the first time he interprets the meaning. The reason I find it fascinating. The story about Elijah and the widow in Zarephath is found in 1 Kings 17. The story of the Naaman the leper and Elisha is found in 2 Kings 5.
1 Kings 17 is our first introduction to Elijah in Scripture. Unlike the lyric introduction of God’s call of Jeremiah Jeremiah 1), we are introduced to Elijah with a terse and ominous prophecy he gives to the Israeli King Ahab: “As the Lord, the God of Israel, lives, whom I serve, during these years there shall be no dew or rain except at my word.” (1 Kings 17:1). Perhaps unsurprisingly, the Lord’s next command to Elijah is leave Ahab rather abruptly, and he eventually finds himself led to Zarephath—a Phoenician city in modern day Lebanon—with God promising a “designated” widow to provide for him. (17:9). Apparently this was unbeknownst to said widow, because Elijah finds a widow outside the city walls, and asks her for water and some bread. She replies she has only a handful of flour and a little oil and she and her son are but waiting for death. (17:11-13). Elijah responds that she should go cook something and “the jar of flour shall not go empty, nor the jug of oil run dry” until the end of the drought. (17:14). And lo and behold, the widow does what Elijah said, and all involved were able to eat for a year. (17:15). Because one miracle is never enough, he later heals her son when her son is afflicted with sickness—and then she recognizes Elijah as “a man of God” from whose mouth “the word of the Lord comes truly.” (17:17-24).
It is interesting this is the story Jesus chooses to prove his point. Perhaps there are no better stories—I don’t know, I’m not an Old Testament scholar. However, on first glance it hardly appears Elijah was “sent to” the widow to preach or for her benefit, as Jesus’ description in Luke 4 would make it appear. No, God tells Elijah the widow is supposed to “provide for” him, yet, in the end, Elijah (and the Lord, of course) is the one who ends up allowing the widow to provide for both of them. Perhaps this is not a mistake. Jesus is at home, where he grew up. One’s home is meant to nourish you, to provide for you. “There’s no place like home.” Yet, already being the sign of contradiction Simeon prophesized in Luke 2, Jesus, instead, is met with incredulity. They call his father by name—seemingly incredulous that this carpenter’s son could have the audacity to call himself a prophet. Yet, he responds by reminding them of this story, where the one who was meant to be nourished instead does the nourishing. Perhaps this is not only furtherance of the rebuke Jesus makes on the face of his words—that they doubt in the face of truth—but a failing at their duty to provide for one of their own. But perhaps not. See, the widow was not failing in a duty to provide, in the sense that she literally had no food with which to feed Elijah. Instead, God had chosen her to provide for his prophet, despite her very lack of ability to do so. And then He provided her the resources to do it, assuming she followed the words of his prophet. Perhaps Jesus is saying the Nazarenes are similarly inadequate to provide for a prophet of the Lord, without the aid of the prophet himself. And he is rebuking them for not accepting his truth, bemoaning that a prophet must go far from his homeland to find someone who will listen to truth without second guessing its bearer.
Moving on to Jesus’ second example, in 2 Kings 5, Naaman is a great general of Aram—a neighboring kingdom of Isreal—and he is a leper. An Israeli girl the Arameans had captured in a raid told Naaman that he should go see “the prophet in Samaria,” who could heal his leprosy. (2 Kings 5:1-3). Elisha indicates Naaman should wash in the Jordan to be healed. (5:8). Naaman initially doubts the instructions, complaining “are not the rivers of Damascus, the Abana, and the Pharpar, better than the waters of Israel? Could I not wash in them and be cleansed?” but his servants call him out, saying “if the prophet had told you to do something extraordinary, would you not do it? All the more now, since he said to you, ‘Wash and be clean,’ should you do as he said.” (5:12-13). Naaman follows Elisha’s instruction, and so is healed. (5:14).
Naaman’s story is different than the widow of Zarephath’s in the sense that Naaaman sought out Elisha. However, perhaps the significance Jesus is pointing to in his reference of this story is twofold. Not only are the prophet’s instructions followed with respect (after a little urging) by the outsider, but the instructions themselves were not so alien as Naaman expected. Naaman’s first reaction is, “I thought that he would surely come out and stand there to invoke the Lord his God, and would move his hand over the spot, and thus cure the leprosy.” (2 Kings 5:11). Indeed, the waters of Damascus that Naaman references are known for being clean, while the Jordan—not so much. However, in following the seemingly mundane act, Naaman is cleansed. So, too, the Israelis look for the clear. Indeed, he even criticizes them for expecting the miraculous, rebuking them for impliedly saying “Do here in your native place the things that we heard were done in Capernaum” (Luke 4:23). Instead
Interestingly, in both stories, the initially doubts. So Jesus cannot be trying to imply prophets are immediately with respect outside of their homeland. No—both the widow and Naaman initially doubted—though ultimately they were open to God’s grace. However, in the widow of Zarephath, he reminds them that it is God who provides the strength to serve him through listening to his Word. In there reference to Naaman, he reminds them of God’s presence in the seemingly mundane. We should remember Elijah’s experience, also in 1 Kings,
“No prophet is accepted in his own native place. Indeed, I tell you, there were many widows in Israel in the days of Elijah when the sky was covered for three and a half years and a severe famine spread over the entire land. It was to none of these that Elijah was sent, but only to a widow in Zarephath in the land of Sidon. Again there were many lepers in Israel during the time of Elisha the prophet; yet not one of them was cleansed, but only Naaman the Syrian.” 4:24-27.This is said in response to the doubt his fellow Nazarenes have when he claims for himself the mantle of prophet in their presence (4:17-21). In Luke, this episode comes at the beginning Christ’s ministry, just after he returned from his 40 day retreat in the dessert (4:1-13), and this is literally first experience preaching—so I suppose one takeaway is that even Christ “failed” at first.
In any case, this isn’t what makes the passage so interesting I feel the need to blockquote it at length. No, it’s interesting because it’s our first example of Christ—of God—interpreting Scripture we see in Luke. It’s the first time he interprets the meaning. The reason I find it fascinating. The story about Elijah and the widow in Zarephath is found in 1 Kings 17. The story of the Naaman the leper and Elisha is found in 2 Kings 5.
1 Kings 17 is our first introduction to Elijah in Scripture. Unlike the lyric introduction of God’s call of Jeremiah Jeremiah 1), we are introduced to Elijah with a terse and ominous prophecy he gives to the Israeli King Ahab: “As the Lord, the God of Israel, lives, whom I serve, during these years there shall be no dew or rain except at my word.” (1 Kings 17:1). Perhaps unsurprisingly, the Lord’s next command to Elijah is leave Ahab rather abruptly, and he eventually finds himself led to Zarephath—a Phoenician city in modern day Lebanon—with God promising a “designated” widow to provide for him. (17:9). Apparently this was unbeknownst to said widow, because Elijah finds a widow outside the city walls, and asks her for water and some bread. She replies she has only a handful of flour and a little oil and she and her son are but waiting for death. (17:11-13). Elijah responds that she should go cook something and “the jar of flour shall not go empty, nor the jug of oil run dry” until the end of the drought. (17:14). And lo and behold, the widow does what Elijah said, and all involved were able to eat for a year. (17:15). Because one miracle is never enough, he later heals her son when her son is afflicted with sickness—and then she recognizes Elijah as “a man of God” from whose mouth “the word of the Lord comes truly.” (17:17-24).
It is interesting this is the story Jesus chooses to prove his point. Perhaps there are no better stories—I don’t know, I’m not an Old Testament scholar. However, on first glance it hardly appears Elijah was “sent to” the widow to preach or for her benefit, as Jesus’ description in Luke 4 would make it appear. No, God tells Elijah the widow is supposed to “provide for” him, yet, in the end, Elijah (and the Lord, of course) is the one who ends up allowing the widow to provide for both of them. Perhaps this is not a mistake. Jesus is at home, where he grew up. One’s home is meant to nourish you, to provide for you. “There’s no place like home.” Yet, already being the sign of contradiction Simeon prophesized in Luke 2, Jesus, instead, is met with incredulity. They call his father by name—seemingly incredulous that this carpenter’s son could have the audacity to call himself a prophet. Yet, he responds by reminding them of this story, where the one who was meant to be nourished instead does the nourishing. Perhaps this is not only furtherance of the rebuke Jesus makes on the face of his words—that they doubt in the face of truth—but a failing at their duty to provide for one of their own. But perhaps not. See, the widow was not failing in a duty to provide, in the sense that she literally had no food with which to feed Elijah. Instead, God had chosen her to provide for his prophet, despite her very lack of ability to do so. And then He provided her the resources to do it, assuming she followed the words of his prophet. Perhaps Jesus is saying the Nazarenes are similarly inadequate to provide for a prophet of the Lord, without the aid of the prophet himself. And he is rebuking them for not accepting his truth, bemoaning that a prophet must go far from his homeland to find someone who will listen to truth without second guessing its bearer.
Moving on to Jesus’ second example, in 2 Kings 5, Naaman is a great general of Aram—a neighboring kingdom of Isreal—and he is a leper. An Israeli girl the Arameans had captured in a raid told Naaman that he should go see “the prophet in Samaria,” who could heal his leprosy. (2 Kings 5:1-3). Elisha indicates Naaman should wash in the Jordan to be healed. (5:8). Naaman initially doubts the instructions, complaining “are not the rivers of Damascus, the Abana, and the Pharpar, better than the waters of Israel? Could I not wash in them and be cleansed?” but his servants call him out, saying “if the prophet had told you to do something extraordinary, would you not do it? All the more now, since he said to you, ‘Wash and be clean,’ should you do as he said.” (5:12-13). Naaman follows Elisha’s instruction, and so is healed. (5:14).
Naaman’s story is different than the widow of Zarephath’s in the sense that Naaaman sought out Elisha. However, perhaps the significance Jesus is pointing to in his reference of this story is twofold. Not only are the prophet’s instructions followed with respect (after a little urging) by the outsider, but the instructions themselves were not so alien as Naaman expected. Naaman’s first reaction is, “I thought that he would surely come out and stand there to invoke the Lord his God, and would move his hand over the spot, and thus cure the leprosy.” (2 Kings 5:11). Indeed, the waters of Damascus that Naaman references are known for being clean, while the Jordan—not so much. However, in following the seemingly mundane act, Naaman is cleansed. So, too, the Israelis look for the clear. Indeed, he even criticizes them for expecting the miraculous, rebuking them for impliedly saying “Do here in your native place the things that we heard were done in Capernaum” (Luke 4:23). Instead
Interestingly, in both stories, the initially doubts. So Jesus cannot be trying to imply prophets are immediately with respect outside of their homeland. No—both the widow and Naaman initially doubted—though ultimately they were open to God’s grace. However, in the widow of Zarephath, he reminds them that it is God who provides the strength to serve him through listening to his Word. In there reference to Naaman, he reminds them of God’s presence in the seemingly mundane. We should remember Elijah’s experience, also in 1 Kings,
“Then the Lord said, ‘Go outside and stand on the mountain before the LORD; the Lord will be passing by.’ A strong and heavy wind was rending the mountains and crushing rocks before the Lord- but the Lord was not in the wind. After the wind there was an earthquake - but the LORD was not in the earthquake. After the earthquake there was fire - but the LORD was not in the fire. After the fire there was a tiny whispering sound. When he heard this, Elijah hid his face in his cloak and went and stood at the entrance of the cave.” (1 Kings 19).As we go through Lent preparing for Christ coming through death on the cross, and perhaps as we prepare for a new Pope, we should remember that we do not need an impressive outsider or the miraculous to see God. Rather, the seemingly mundane, limited, and oh-so-normal, through the grace of God, can bring God’s healing to our lives.
Friday, February 15, 2013
Lent Day 3: Children of God in Luke 3
Luke 3 gives perhaps the best Lent story in the Bible: John the Baptist preaching in the desert, eating locusts and calling for us to make straight our paths, and the baptism of Jesus. Perhaps because it is so perfect, I am going to be difficult and completely bypass it to focus on something I’ve never heard anyone ever talk about. At the very end of Luke 3, Luke includes the genealogy of Jesus, going all the way back. And by all the way back, I mean all the way. Like Matthew, he links Jesus to Abraham through David. But then he continues the genealogy to back to Noah, and even Adam. But he does stop there. He ends by stating “Adam, the son of God.”
So, certainly, Jesus is the Son of God, in a theological title we reserve for the Messiah. But he is also the son God by virtue of being related to Adam: the first human, who was, as Luke points out, the son of God.
The implications are rather breathtaking. If Adam is the son of God, and Jesus is thus the great-great-great-great[…]great-grandson of God through Adam—so is everyone else.
Pope Benedict XVI, the first modern Pope to humbly profess his weakness to give up the Petrine ministry when he felt called to, is a son of God.
The great Martin Luther King, Jr, the renowned activist who unabashedly centered his message for equality around God, is a son of God.
But it goes further than that. Despite her disinvitation to the Eucharistic table Kathleen Sebelius is a daughter of God.
And even still, Pontius Pilate is the son of God. He condemned his own brother to death.
And, less popularly, Osama Bin Laden is a son of God. He financed a regime that massacred his own family, and found his own death at hands of them, as well.
And so we can learn from this. Every one of us is a member of the human race. Every one of us a descendant of Adam. And every one of us is a son or daughter of God. So Luke calls us to remember that, and in the words I borrow from C.S. Lewis, it is children of God “whom we joke with, marry, snub, and exploit.”
So, certainly, Jesus is the Son of God, in a theological title we reserve for the Messiah. But he is also the son God by virtue of being related to Adam: the first human, who was, as Luke points out, the son of God.
The implications are rather breathtaking. If Adam is the son of God, and Jesus is thus the great-great-great-great[…]great-grandson of God through Adam—so is everyone else.
Pope Benedict XVI, the first modern Pope to humbly profess his weakness to give up the Petrine ministry when he felt called to, is a son of God.
The great Martin Luther King, Jr, the renowned activist who unabashedly centered his message for equality around God, is a son of God.
But it goes further than that. Despite her disinvitation to the Eucharistic table Kathleen Sebelius is a daughter of God.
And even still, Pontius Pilate is the son of God. He condemned his own brother to death.
And, less popularly, Osama Bin Laden is a son of God. He financed a regime that massacred his own family, and found his own death at hands of them, as well.
And so we can learn from this. Every one of us is a member of the human race. Every one of us a descendant of Adam. And every one of us is a son or daughter of God. So Luke calls us to remember that, and in the words I borrow from C.S. Lewis, it is children of God “whom we joke with, marry, snub, and exploit.”
Thursday, February 14, 2013
Lent Day 2: Pax Christi in Luke 2
Luke 2 tells the story of Christmas: the birth and childhood of Jesus, and a theme that runs through Luke’s story is peace. The two prayers contained in this chapter both focus around this. When the angels visit the shepherds, they break out in prayer, “Glory to God in the highest, and on Earth peace to those on whom his favor rests” (2:14). Upon seeing the Christ presented in the temple, Simeon exclaims, “Now, Master, you may let your servant go in peace, according to your word.”
Clearly, peace is in some way connected to Christ. It’s a theme that goes beyond Luke 2 Ephesians 2:14 calls Christ “our peace,” and Colossians 3:15 discusses “the Peace of Christ.” So what do we mean by this pax Christi? Do we mean lack of war? On one level, certainly. But the Roman empire was in the middle of the Pax Augusta—a period of relatively few armed conflicts enforced by the armies of the Emperor Augustus. If pax Christi means only world peace, we have a problem. After all, not only did peace exist before Christ (and to any Roman, peace within the Empire counted as world peace), but it was brought about by someone entirely different: Caesar Augustus. And anyone who has studied the Church can hardly claim that Christ brought about peace.
Yet, even living in the lack of armed conflict during the Pax Romana, Simeon says he may “go in peace” only upon seeing the Christ. And so we Christians believe Christ is the peacebringer. How? Well, Simeon also says Christ is a “sign that will be contradicted . . . so that the thoughts of many hearts may be revealed.” (2:34-35). It is this very “sign of contradiction” that allows us to look for peace in the life of someone whose life ended in anything but a peaceful manner. Us followers of Christ believe peace means more than not hitting someone. Consider the phrase “at peace with yourself.” It doesn’t merely mean you are not physically hurting yourself—though that is a prerequisite—it means more. It means a harmony—a tranquility—without fear and without tension. St. John of the Cross prays “O blessed Jesus, give me the stillness of soul in You. Let your mighty calmness reign in me. Rule me, O King of Gentleness, King of Peace.”
Even in the world in which armed conflict and death occurs in Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria, Chad, Mali, Somalia, Uganda, Colombia, Burma, Mexico—the list goes on and on—Christ is still present in each of our hearts. Even with all the hatred we witness daily in our very own country—even in the very name of Christ—we can still find peace our relationship with Christ. That is the sign of contradiction. And at Lent, as we prepare for that ultimate sign of contradiction—salvation through the Cross—we are called to remember that as we enter the Mass, and lay down before the altar, or even open up the altar of our heart in our daily prayer, we open ourselves up to the Pax Christi that Simeon found in Christ.
Clearly, peace is in some way connected to Christ. It’s a theme that goes beyond Luke 2 Ephesians 2:14 calls Christ “our peace,” and Colossians 3:15 discusses “the Peace of Christ.” So what do we mean by this pax Christi? Do we mean lack of war? On one level, certainly. But the Roman empire was in the middle of the Pax Augusta—a period of relatively few armed conflicts enforced by the armies of the Emperor Augustus. If pax Christi means only world peace, we have a problem. After all, not only did peace exist before Christ (and to any Roman, peace within the Empire counted as world peace), but it was brought about by someone entirely different: Caesar Augustus. And anyone who has studied the Church can hardly claim that Christ brought about peace.
Yet, even living in the lack of armed conflict during the Pax Romana, Simeon says he may “go in peace” only upon seeing the Christ. And so we Christians believe Christ is the peacebringer. How? Well, Simeon also says Christ is a “sign that will be contradicted . . . so that the thoughts of many hearts may be revealed.” (2:34-35). It is this very “sign of contradiction” that allows us to look for peace in the life of someone whose life ended in anything but a peaceful manner. Us followers of Christ believe peace means more than not hitting someone. Consider the phrase “at peace with yourself.” It doesn’t merely mean you are not physically hurting yourself—though that is a prerequisite—it means more. It means a harmony—a tranquility—without fear and without tension. St. John of the Cross prays “O blessed Jesus, give me the stillness of soul in You. Let your mighty calmness reign in me. Rule me, O King of Gentleness, King of Peace.”
Even in the world in which armed conflict and death occurs in Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria, Chad, Mali, Somalia, Uganda, Colombia, Burma, Mexico—the list goes on and on—Christ is still present in each of our hearts. Even with all the hatred we witness daily in our very own country—even in the very name of Christ—we can still find peace our relationship with Christ. That is the sign of contradiction. And at Lent, as we prepare for that ultimate sign of contradiction—salvation through the Cross—we are called to remember that as we enter the Mass, and lay down before the altar, or even open up the altar of our heart in our daily prayer, we open ourselves up to the Pax Christi that Simeon found in Christ.
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